Abstract: Diesel jenareta ivimbiso yakavimbika yekugadzira magetsi, uye kushanda kwavo kwakachengeteka uye kunoshanda kwakakosha pakuita kuti pave nekugadzirwa kwepuratifomu.Kupisa kwemvura kwakakwirira mumajenareta edhiziri ndechimwe chezvikanganiso zvinowanzoitika, izvo, kana zvikasagadziriswa nenguva, zvinogona kuwedzera kukundikana kukuru kwemidziyo, kukanganisa kugadzirwa uye kukonzera kurasikirwa kusingaverengeki kwehupfumi.Tembiricha panguva yekushanda kwemajenareta edhiziri, ingave tembiricha yemafuta kana tembiricha inotonhorera, inofanira kunge iri mukati menguva yakajairika.Kune majenareta edhiziri, iyo yakakwana yekushanda kwemafuta tembiricha inofanira kunge iri 90 ° kusvika 105 °, uye tembiricha yakakwana yekutonhodza inofanira kunge iri mukati me85 ° kusvika 90 °.Kana tembiricha yejenareta yedhiziri ichidarika iyo iri pamusoro kana kunyange yakakwirira panguva yekushanda, inoonekwa seyakanyanya kupisa.Kupisa kwekushanda kunoisa njodzi huru kune majenareta edhiziri uye kunofanirwa kubviswa nekukurumidza.Zvikasadaro, tembiricha yemvura yakakwira inowanzo konzera kufashaira kweinotonhorera mukati meradiyeta, kuderera kwesimba, kuderera kwemafuta ekuzora viscosity, kuwedzera kukweshana pakati pezvikamu, uye kunyangwe kukanganisa kwakakomba sekudhonza silinda uye silinda gasket kupisa.
1, Nhanganyaya kuKutonhodza System
Mumajenareta edhiziri, inenge 30% kusvika 33% yekupisa kunoburitswa nekupisa kwemafuta kunoda kuparadzirwa kunze kwenyika kuburikidza nezvinhu zvakaita semasilinda, macylinder heads, nemapiston.Kuti ubvise kupisa uku, huwandu hwakakwana hwekutonhora hwepakati hunoda kumanikidzwa kuenderera mberi nepakati pezvikamu zvinopisa, kuve nechokwadi chekudziya uye kugadzikana kwekushisa kwezvinhu izvi zvinopisa kuburikidza nekutonhora.Naizvozvo, masisitimu ekutonhodza anoiswa mumajenareta mazhinji edhiziri kuti ave nechokwadi chekuyerera uye kuenderera mberi kwekutonhora kwepakati uye tembiricha yakakodzera yepakati yekutonhora.
1. Basa uye nzira yekutonhodza
Kubva pamaonero ekushandiswa kwesimba, kutonhora kwemajenareta edhiziri kurasikirwa kwesimba kunofanirwa kudzivirirwa, asi zvinodiwa kuve nechokwadi chekushanda kwakajairika kwemajenareta edhiziri.Kutonhora kwemajenereta edhiziri kune mabasa anotevera: kutanga, kutonhora kunogona kuchengetedza kutonhora kwekushanda kwezvikamu zvinopisa mukati memuganhu unobvumirwa wezvinhu, zvichiita kuti zvive nesimba rakakwana rezvikamu zvinopisa pasi pemamiriro ekupisa;Chechipiri, kutonhora kunogona kuve nechokwadi chekusiyanisa kwakakodzera kwekushisa pakati pemukati nekunze kwemadziro ezvikamu zvinopisa, kuderedza kushushikana kwekushisa kwezvikamu zvinopisa;Pamusoro pezvo, kutonhora kunogonawo kuve nechokwadi chekubvumidzwa kwakakodzera pakati pezvikamu zvinofamba zvakaita sepiston uye silinda liner, uye yakajairika kushanda mamiriro emafuta firimu pane yekushanda pamusoro pe cylinder wall.Aya ekutonhodza mhedzisiro anowanikwa kuburikidza neinotonhora system.Mune manejimendi, ese ari maviri maficha ekutonhodza kwedhiziri jenareta anofanirwa kutariswa, uye kusatendera kuti jenareta redhiziri rive rakatonhora zvakanyanya nekuda kwekutonhora kwakanyanya kana kupisa nekuda kwekushaikwa kwekutonhodza.Munguva dzazvino, kutanga kubva mukuderedza kurasikirwa kwekutonhora kushandisa zvizere simba rekupisa, kutsvagisa kweadiabatic injini kuri kuitwa mukati mekunze kwenyika, uye huwandu hwezvinhu zvinodzivirira kutonhora zvakanyanya, senge ceramic zvinhu, zvakagadziridzwa saizvozvo.
Parizvino, kune nzira mbiri dzekutonhodza dzemajenareta edhiziri: kumanikidzwa kwemvura kutonhora uye kutonhora kwemhepo.Ruzhinji rwemajenareta edhiziri anoshandisa yekare.
2. Kutonhora kwepakati
Mune yekumanikidzirwa mvura yekutonhodza sisitimu yemajenareta edhiziri, kazhinji pane marudzi matatu ezvinotonhodza: mvura yakachena, inotonhodza, uye mafuta ekuzora.Mvura yakachena ine mvura yakagadzikana yemhando, yakanaka yekupisa kupisa, uye inogona kushandiswa kugadzirisa mvura kugadzirisa kukora kwayo uye kuyera kuremara, zvichiita kuti ive yakanakira kutonhora svikiro inoshandiswa zvakanyanya parizvino.Zvinodiwa zvemhando yemvura yakachena yemajenareta edhiziri kazhinji hazvina tsvina mumvura yakachena kana mvura yakasvibiswa.Kana iri mvura yakachena, kuoma kwese hakufaniri kudarika gumi (chiGermany madhigirii), pH kukosha kunofanira kuva 6.5-8, uye chloride yemukati haifaniri kudarika 50 × 10-6.Paunenge uchishandisa mvura yakadirwa kana yakanyatso kucheneswa mvura inogadzirwa nemaion exchangers semvura inotonhorera inotonhorera, kutarisisa kwakakosha kunofanirwa kubhadharwa pakugadziriswa kwemvura yemvura yakachena uye kuongororwa nguva dzose kunofanirwa kuitwa kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti kusangana kwemumiriri wekuchenesa mvura kunosvika pane yakatarwa.Zvikasadaro, kukora kunokonzerwa nekusakwana kwekuisa kwakasimba kupfuura kushandisa yakajairwa mvura yakaoma (nekuda kwekushomeka kwedziviriro kubva kune lime film sediment inoumbwa nemvura yakajairika yakaoma).Hunhu hwemvura hwechinhu chinotonhodza hunonetsa kudzora uye kukoromoka kwayo uye matambudziko ekuyera zvakanyanya.Kuti uderedze ngura uye kuyera, tembiricha yekubuda kweinotonhorera haifanirwe kudarika 45 ℃.Naizvozvo, parizvino hazviwanzo kushandisa inotonhorera yakananga kutonhodza majenareta edhiziri;Iyo chaiyo kupisa kwemafuta ekuzora idiki, iyo yekupisa yekupisa haina kunaka, uye yakanyanya-tembiricha mamiriro anowanzo kubikira mukamuri yekutonhora.Nekudaro, haiise njodzi yekusvibisa iyo crankcase mafuta nekuda kwekudonha, ichiita kuti ive yakakodzera senge inotonhorera yepiston.
3. Kuumbwa uye midziyo yekutonhora system
Nekuda kwemamiriro ekushanda akasiyana ezvikamu zvinopisa, tembiricha inotonhorera inodiwa, kudzvanywa, uye kuumbwa kwekutanga kunosiyanawo.Naizvozvo, iyo yekutonhodza system yechimwe nechimwe chinopisa chikamu chinowanzo kuumbwa akati wandei akasiyana masisitimu.Iyo inowanzo kupatsanurwa kuita matatu akavharwa emvura inotonhorera masisitimu: silinda liner uye silinda musoro, piston, uye mafuta injector.
Mvura yakachena kubva panobuda pombi yepombi yecylinder liner inopinda nechepazasi pe silinda liner imwe neimwe kuburikidza nepombi huru inopinza yemvura yecylinder liner, uye inotonhodzwa munzira kubva pacylinder liner kuenda kune cylinder head kuenda kuturbocharger.Mushure mekunge pombi dzekubuda dzecylinder imwe neimwe dzabatanidzwa, dzinotonhodzwa nejenareta remvura uye inotonhorera yemvura yakachena munzira, uyezve kupinda mukupinda kwe cylinder liner inotonhorera pombi yemvura;Imwe nzira inopinda mutangi rekuwedzera remvura yakachena.Pombi yekuenzanisa inoiswa pakati petangi rekuwedzera remvura yakachena uye silinda liner inotonhorera pombi yemvura kuti idzorere mvura kuhurongwa uye kuchengetedza kusveta kwepombi yemvura inotonhorera.
Pane tembiricha sensor muhurongwa inoona shanduko mukubuda kwekushisa kwemvura inotonhorera uye inodzora tembiricha yayo yekupinza kuburikidza neiyo thermal control valve.Iyo yakanyanya tembiricha yemvura haifanire kudarika 90-95 ℃, zvikasadaro tembiricha yemvura sensor inotumira chiratidzo kune controller, zvichikonzera injini yedhiziri yekupisa alarm uye kuraira michina kumira.
Pane nzira mbiri dzekutonhora dzemajenareta edhiziri: dzakabatanidzwa uye dzakapatsanurwa.Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti kupatsanurwa mhando intercooling hurongwa, dzimwe mhando anogona kuva kutonhora nzvimbo intercooler kupisa exchanger kuti yakakura kupfuura humburumbira liner mvura kupisa exchanger, uye mugadziri basa mainjiniya kazhinji kukanganisa.Nekuti inonzwa senge silinda liner mvura inoda kuchinjanisa zvakanyanya kupisa, asi nekuda kwediki tembiricha mutsauko mukutonhodza kutonhora uye kushoma kwekutsinhanisa kupisa kwakanaka, nzvimbo yakakura yekutonhora inodiwa.Paunenge uchiisa muchina mutsva, zvinodikanwa kusimbisa nemugadziri kuti udzivise rework kukanganisa kufambira mberi.Tembiricha yekubuda kwemvura yeinotonhorera kazhinji haifanire kudarika 54 degrees.Tembiricha yakawandisa inogona kuburitsa komisheni inoshambadza pamusoro peinotonhorera, inokanganisa kutonhora kweiyo yekupisa.
2, Kuongororwa uye kurapwa kwekukanganisa kwekushisa kwemvura kwakakwira
1. Low coolant level kana kusarudzwa kusina kunaka
Chinhu chekutanga uye chakareruka chekutarisa ndeye inotonhorera level.Usave mashura nezve yakaderera mvura level alarm switch, dzimwe nguva yakavharika mapombi emvura epa level switch anogona kutsausa vaongorori.Uyezve, mushure mekupaka pamvura yakanyanya tembiricha, zvinodikanwa kumirira kuti tembiricha yemvura idonhe isati yazadza mvura, zvikasadaro zvinogona kukonzera tsaona huru dzemidziyo senge cylinder head cracking.
injini chaiyo inotonhorera chinhu chemuviri.Gara uchitarisa iyo inotonhorera nhanho muradiator uye tangi yekuwedzera, uye uzadze iyo panguva yakakodzera kana iyo yemvura mwero yakadzikira.Nekuti kana paine kushaikwa kwekutonhodza mumhepo yekutonhodza yejenareta redhiziri, zvinokanganisa kupisa kwekupisa kwejenareta redhiziri uye kukonzera kupisa kwakanyanya.
2. Yakavharwa inotonhorera kana reyedhita (inotonhorera-mhepo)
Kuvharika kweradiyeta kunogona kukonzerwa neguruva kana imwe tsvina, kana kungave kuri nekuda kwekubhenda kana kutyoka zvimbi zvinotadzisa kuyerera kwemhepo.Paunenge uchichenesa nemhepo yakanyanyisa kana mvura, chenjerera kuti usakotamisa zvimbi zvinotonhora, kunyanya intercooler cooling fins.Dzimwe nguva, kana iyo inotonhorera ichishandiswa kwenguva yakareba, musara wekomboni inoshambadza pamusoro peinotonhorera, inokanganisa kupisa kwekuchinja uye kukonzera tembiricha yemvura.Kuti uone kushanda kweinotonhorera, pfuti yekuyera tembiricha inogona kushandiswa kuyera musiyano wetembiricha pakati peinopinza uye yekubuda mvura yeinodziya yekupisa uye tembiricha yekupinza nekubuda kwemvura yeinjini.Zvichienderana nemaparamita akapihwa nemugadziri, zvinogona kutariswa kuti inotonhorera mhedzisiro haina kunaka here kana kuti pane dambudziko nekutonhora kutenderera.
3. Yakakuvadzwa mweya deflector uye chivharo (mhepo-yakatonhorera)
Iyo mhepo-yakatonhorera dizeli jenareta inodawo kutarisa kana iyo mhepo deflector uye chivharo chakakanganisika, sezvo kukuvadzwa kunogona kukonzera mhepo inopisa kuti itenderere kumhepo inopinza, inokanganisa kutonhora.Mhepo yekubuda kwemhepo inofanirwa kunge iri 1.1-1.2 nguva yenzvimbo inotonhorera, zvichienderana nehurefu hwemhepo duct uye chimiro chegrille, asi kwete pasi penzvimbo inotonhorera.Nhungamiro yemashizha e fan yakasiyana, uye kunewo kusiyana kwekuiswa kwevhavha.Pakuisa muchina mutsva, kutarisisa kunofanirwa kubhadharwa.
4. Fani kukuvadzwa kana kukuvara kwebhandi kana kusununguka
Gara uchitarisa kana bhandi re fan rejenareta redhiziri rakasununguka uye kana chimiro chefani chisina kujairika.Nekuda kwekuti bhandi re fan rakanyanya kusununguka, zviri nyore kukonzeresa kudzikira kwekumhanya kwefan, zvichikonzera kuti radiator isakwanise kuburitsa simba rayo rekudziya, zvichikonzera kupisa kwakanyanya kwejenareta redhiziri.
Kushungurudzika kwebhanhire kunoda kugadziriswa zvakakodzera.Kunyange zvazvo kusunungura kungasava kwakanaka, kunyanya kuomesa kunogona kuderedza hupenyu hwebasa rebhanhire rekutsigira uye mabheji.Kana bhandi rikadambuka panguva yekushanda, rinogona kuputira fan uye kukuvadza chinotonhorera.Kukanganisa kwakafanana kwakaitika mukushandiswa kwebhandi nevamwe vatengi.Pamusoro pezvo, deformation ye fan inogonawo kukonzera kupisa kwekupisa simba re radiator kusashandiswa zvizere.
5. Thermostat kukundikana
Kuonekwa kwemuviri kwe thermostat.Kutadza kwe thermostat kunogona kutanga kutongerwa nekuyera musiyano wetembiricha pakati petembiricha yekupinza nekubuda kwemvura yetangi remvura uye pombi yemvura inopinza uye yekubuda yekupisa kupisa uchishandisa tembiricha yekuyera pfuti.Kumwe kuongorora kunoda kupatsanura thermostat, kuifashaidza nemvura, kuyera tembiricha yekuvhura, tembiricha yakazaruka, uye dhigirii rakazaruka kuti uone kunaka kweiyo thermostat.inoda kuongororwa kwe6000H, asi kazhinji inotsiviwa zvakananga panguva yepamusoro kana yepamusoro uye pasi pekugadzirisa kukuru, uye hapana kuongororwa kunoitwa kana pasina kukanganisa pakati.Asi kana iyo thermostat ikakuvadzwa panguva yekushandiswa, zvinodikanwa kutarisa kana ma fan fan blades epombi yemvura inotonhorera akakuvadzwa uye kana paine yasara thermostat mutangi remvura kudzivirira kumwe kukuvadza pombi yemvura.
6. Pombi yemvura yakakuvadzwa
Izvi zvingangoitika zvishoma.Iyo impeller inogona kukuvadzwa kana kuvharirwa, uye inogona kutariswa kuti iparadze uye nekuiongorora kuburikidza nekutonga kwakadzama kwepfuti yekuyeresa tembiricha uye gauji yekumanikidza, uye inoda kusiyaniswa kubva pane chiitiko chekupinda kwemhepo muhurongwa.Pazasi pepombi yemvura pane panobuda mvura, uye kudonha mvura pano kunoratidza kuti chisimbiso chemvura chakundikana.Mimwe michina inogona kupinda muhurongwa kuburikidza neizvi, zvichikanganisa kutenderera uye kukonzera tembiricha yemvura.Asi kana paine madonhwe mashoma ekudonha muminiti imwe pakutsiva pombi yemvura, inogona kusiiwa isina kurapwa uye ichicherechedzwa kuti ishandiswe.Zvimwe zvikamu hazvichabviki mushure mekushanda mukati kwenguva yakati.
7. Pane mhepo mumhepo inotonhora
Mhepo iri muhurongwa inogona kukanganisa kuyerera kwemvura, uye mumatambudziko akaoma, inogona kukonzera pombi yemvura kukundikana uye hurongwa kumira kuyerera.Kunyange dzimwe injini dzakasangana nekupfachukira kunoramba kuripo kwemvura kubva mutangi remvura panguva yekushanda, alarm yakaderera panguva yekupaka, uye kufungirwa zvisizvo neanopa masevhisi emugadziri, achifunga kuti gasi rinopisa rinobva kune imwe humburumbira rakadeuka richipinda muinotonhodza system.Vakatsiva ese 16 cylinder cylinder gaskets, asi kusashanda kwacho kwakaramba kuchienderera panguva yekushanda.Pashure pokunge tasvika panzvimbo yacho, takatanga kupera simba kubva panzvimbo yakakwirira zvikurusa yeinjini.Mushure mokunge kupera kwapera, injini yakashanda zvakanaka.Naizvozvo, kana uchibata nezvikanganiso, zvinodikanwa kuve nechokwadi kuti zviitiko zvakafanana zvakabviswa zvisati zvaita kugadzirisa kukuru.
8. Yakakuvadzwa mafuta inotonhorera inokonzera inotonhorera kuvuza
(1) Chiitiko chemhosva
Jenareta yakaiswa mune imwe yuniti yakawanikwa iine mvura inoramba ichidonhera kunze kubva kumucheto kwegomba remafuta ekuzora panguva yekuongorora kusati kwatanga, kuchisiya kutonhora kushoma muradiyeta.
(2) Kutsvaga kukanganisa uye kuongorora
Mushure mekuferefeta, zvinozivikanwa kuti jenareta redhiziri risati rashanda, hapana chiitiko chisina kujairika chakawanikwa panguva yekuvaka panzvimbo yekuvaka.Iyo inotonhodza yakapinda mupani yemafuta mushure mekunge jenareta redhiziri ravharwa.Zvikonzero zvikuru zvekusashanda uku kudonha kwemafuta kunotonhorera kana kukuvadzwa kwecylinder liner yekuvharisa kamuri yemvura.Saka chekutanga, bvunzo dzekumanikidza dzakaitwa pachitonhodzo cheoiri, chaisanganisira kubvisa chinotonhodza kubva muchitonhodzo cheoiri uye pekupinda nekubuda nekubatanidza pombi dzemafuta ekuzora.Ipapo, pokubuda napo kunotonhodza kwakavharwa, uye imwe dzvinyiriro yemvura yakaunzwa panzvimbo inotonhorera inopinza.Nekuda kweizvozvo, zvakaonekwa kuti mvura yaiyerera ichibva pachiteshi cheoiri yekuzora, zvichiratidza kuti kutadza kwemvura kudonha kwaive mukati meoiri inotonhorera.Kukanganisa kwekudonha kweanotonhodza kwakakonzerwa nekuputirwa kweiyo inotonhorera core, uye inogona kunge yakaitika panguva yekudzima kwejenareta redhiziri.Naizvozvo, apo jenareta redhiziri rakapedza kushanda, pakanga pasina chiitiko chisina kujairika.Asi kana jenareta redhiziri radzimwa, mafuta ekuzora anosvika zero, uye radiator ine humwe hurefu.Panguva ino, dzvinyiriro yekutonhodza yakakura kudarika mafuta ekuzora, uye chinotonhodza chinoyerera chichipinda mugango remafuta kubva pakavhurika repakati peinotonhorera, zvichiita kuti mvura idonhe ichibva kumucheto kwegomba remafuta dipstick.
(3) Kugadzirisa matambudziko
Bvisa mafuta anotonhorera uye tsvaga nzvimbo yekuvhurika weld.Mushure mekugadzirisa zvakare, kukanganisa kwakagadziriswa.
9. Cylinder liner leakage zvichikonzera high coolant tembiricha
(1) Chiitiko chemhosva
A B akatevedzana dhiziri jenareta.Munguva yekugadziriswa pachitoro chekugadzirisa, piston, zvindori zvepiston, mabhomba anotakura uye zvimwe zvikamu zvakatsiviwa, ndege ye cylinder head yakatsiviwa, uye cylinder liner yakatsiviwa.Mushure mekugadzirisa kukuru, hapana kukanganisa kwakawanikwa panguva yekushanda mufekitari, asi mushure mekuendeswa kune muridzi wemuchina kuti ashandiswe, kukanganisa kwekushisa kwakanyanya kwekutonhora kwakaitika.Zvinoenderana nemhinduro yemushandisi, mushure mekusvika yakajairika tembiricha yekushanda, tembiricha inotonhorera ichasvika 100 ℃ mushure mekumhanya kwe3-5 makiromita.Kana yakamira kwenguva yakati rebei uye ikaramba ichishanda mushure mekunge tembiricha yemvura yadonha, inokwira zvakare kusvika ku100 ℃ munguva pfupi pfupi.Jenareta redhiziri harina ruzha rusina kujairika, uye hapana mvura inobuda mucylinder block.
(2) Kutsvaga kukanganisa uye kuongorora
Jenareta redhiziri harina ruzha rusina kujairika, uye chiutsi chinobva papombi yepombi inobuda mupombi chinenge chakajairika.Zvinogona kutongwa kuti kucheneswa pakati pevharuvhu, vharafu uye gwara tsvimbo yakajairika.Chekutanga, kuyera cylinder pressure ine compression gauge, wobva waitisa ongororo yekutanga yekutonhodza system.Hapana kubuda kwemvura kana kudonha kwemvura kwakawanikwa, uye iyo inotonhorera yemvura inotonhorera muradiator inosanganawo nemirairo.Paunenge uchitarisa kushanda kwepombi yemvura mushure mekutanga, hapana kukanganisa kwakawanikwa, uye pakanga pasina kusiyana kwekushisa kwakajeka pakati pemakamuri epamusoro uye ezasi e radiator.Nekudaro, mabhuru madiki akawanikwa, saka zvaifungidzirwa kuti cylinder gasket yakakuvadzwa.Nokudaro, mushure mokubvisa musoro we cylinder uye kuongorora cylinder gasket, hapana chiitiko chinopisa chakajeka chakawanikwa.Mushure mekunyatsocherechedza, zvakaonekwa kuti pane kukanganisa pamusoro pe cylinder liner yakanga yakakwirira kudarika ndege yepamusoro ye cylinder block.Pakuisa cylinder gasket, gomba repiston rakanyatsoiswa padenderedzwa rekunze renzvimbo yakakanganisika, uye cylinder gasket yaiputika nendege yepamusoro yechiteshi chakakanganisika.Kubva pane izvi, zvinogona kutaurwa kuti kusavharwa kwakashata kwecylinder gasket kwakakonzera kuti gasi remutsindo wepamusoro-soro ripinde mugero remvura, zvichikonzera kupisa kwakanyanya kwekutonhora.
(3) Kugadzirisa matambudziko
Mushure mekutsiva cylinder liner uye nekusimbisa silinda musoro mabhaudhi zvinoenderana neyakatsanangurwa torque, pakanga pasina chiitiko chepamusoro inotonhorera tembiricha zvakare.
10. Kushanda kwenguva yakareba kuwandisa
Kuremerwa kwenguva refu kwekushanda kwemajenareta edhiziri kunogona kuwedzera mashandisiro avo emafuta uye mutoro wekupisa, zvichikonzera kupisa kwemvura kwakanyanya.Kuti izvi zviitike, majenareta edhiziri anofanirwa kudziviswa kubva mukuremerwa kushanda kwenguva refu.
11. Injini humburumbira inodhonza
Injini silinda inodhonza inoburitsa huwandu hukuru hwekupisa, zvichikonzera kuwedzera kwekushisa kwemafuta uye tembiricha ye silinda liner yemvura.Kana humburumbira ichidhonzwa zvakanyanyisa, hutsi huchena huchaburitswa kubva pachiteshi chekufema che crankcase, asi kudhonza zvishoma kunogona kuratidza tembiricha yepamusoro yemvura, uye hapana shanduko yakakosha mukufemesa kwe crankcase.Kana kuchinja kwekushisa kwemafuta kusingachaonekwi, zvakaoma kuziva.Kana tembiricha yemvura yakakwira zvisingaite, inogona kushandiswa se mukana wekuvhura gonhi re crankcase, kuongorora pamusoro pe silinda liner, kuona matambudziko nenguva, uye kudzivirira njodzi dzakakomba dzekudhonza silinda.Panguva yekuongorora, zvinodikanwa kutarisa kubuda kwemhepo kwecrankcase shanduko yega yega.Kana pane utsi huchena kana kuwedzera kukuru kwemhepo inobuda, inofanira kumiswa kuti iongororwe.Kana pasina kukanganisa muhumburumbira liner, zvinofanirwa kufunga kana paine urombo hunotakura lubrication zvichikonzera kupisa kwemafuta.Saizvozvo, kuwedzera kwekubuda kwemhepo kunowanikwa mune crankcase.Izvo zvinodikanwa kuziva chikonzero uye kuchibata usati washandisa muchina kudzivirira hombe dzemidziyo tsaona.
Izvo zviri pamusoro apa zvikonzero zvinoverengeka zvinogoneka, izvo zvinogona kutongwa kubva nyore kusvika kune yakaoma, zvakasanganiswa nezvimwe zvinogona kukanganisa zviitiko, kuziva chikonzero.Paunenge uchiyedza mota nyowani kana kugadzirisa zvakanyanya, zvinodikanwa kuyera uye kurekodha tembiricha yemvura pane inopinza uye yekubuda kweinotonhorera, iyo inopinza uye yekubuda yemuchina, uye tembiricha yeimwe neimwe nzvimbo yekuzora pasi pemamiriro akasiyana ekutakura, saka sekufambisa kuenzaniswa kwema parameter uye nenguva yekuferefeta kweapo asina kujairika mapoinzi kana paine kusakwana kwemuchina.Kana isingakwanise kubatwa zviri nyore, unogona kuyera akati wandei mamwe tembiricha mapoinzi uye shandisa inotevera dzidziso yekuongorora kuti uwane chikonzero chekukanganisa.
3, High tembiricha ngozi uye ekudzivirira matanho
Kana jenareta yedhiziri iri mu "dry burning" mamiriro, ndiko kuti, kushanda pasina mvura inotonhorera, chero nzira inotonhorera yekudurura mvura inotonhorera mu radiator inenge isingabatsiri, uye jenareta yedhiziri haigoni kubvisa kupisa panguva yekushanda.Chekutanga, mumamiriro ekumhanya, chiteshi chekuzadza oiri chinofanira kuvhurwa uye mafuta ekuzora anofanira kukurumidza kuwedzerwa.Izvi zvinodaro nekuti munzvimbo isina mvura yakakwana, mafuta ekuzora ejenareta redhiziri anobuda pahuwandu hwekushisa kwepamusoro uye anofanira kukurumidza kuzadzikiswa.Mushure mekuwedzera mafuta ekuzora, injini inofanira kudzimwa, uye chero nzira inofanira kutorwa kudzima jenareta redhiziri uye kutema mafuta.Panguva imwe chete shandisa dhizaini uye ungoshandisa jenareta redhiziri, uchiramba uchimhanya kwemasekonzi gumi ne5-second interval kuchengetedza iyi frequency.Zviri nani kukuvadza injini inotangira pane kudzivirira jenareta redhiziri, kuitira kuderedza njodzi dzakakomba dzakadai sekunamatira kana kudhonza silinda.Nokudaro, matanho ekudzivirira anofanira kutorwa kuitira kutonhora.
1. Kugadzirisa maitiro ekushanda kwegadziriro yekutonhora
(1) Iyo yekubuda kudzvanywa kwepombi yemvura inotonhorera inofanira kugadziridzwa mukati meyakajairika kushanda renji.Kazhinji, mvura yakachena inodzvanywa inofanira kunge yakakwira kudarika inotonhorera kudzivirira kuti chinotonhodza chirege kupinda mumvura yakachena uye zvichiita kuti chishame kana chinotonhodza chadonha.
(2) Iyo tembiricha yemvura yakachena inofanirwa kugadziridzwa kune yakajairika inoshanda renji zvinoenderana nemirairo.Usarega tembiricha yekubuda kwemvura yakachena yakadzikira (zvichikonzera kurasikirwa kwekupisa, kushushikana kwekushisa, kuderera-kupisa) kana kukwira zvakanyanya (zvichikonzera kubuda kwemafuta ekuzora firimu pamadziro ecylinder, kuwedzera kupfeka kwecylinder madziro, vaporization. muimba yekutonhora, uye nekukurumidza kuchembera kwe cylinder liner sealing ring).Kune injini dzedhiziri dzepakati nepamusoro, tembiricha yekubuda inogona kudzorwa pakati pe70 ℃ ne80 ℃ (pasina kupisa sarufa-ine mafuta anorema), uye kune yakaderera-speed injini, inogona kudzorwa pakati pe60 ℃ ne70 ℃;Musiyano wetembiricha pakati pekunze nekunze haufanire kudarika 12 ℃.Zvinowanzo kurudzirwa kuti uswedere kumuganhu unobvumirwa wepamusoro wekushisa kwekubuda kwemvura yakachena.
(3) Tembiricha yekubuda kweinotonhorera haifanire kudarika 50 ℃ kudzivirira kuongororwa kwemunyu kubva pakuisa uye kukanganisa kupisa kupisa.
(4) Panguva yekushanda, iyo bypass valve papombi inotonhorera inogona kushandiswa kugadzirisa huwandu hweinotonhorera inopinda mumhepo inotonhorera yemvura, kana iyo bypass valve papombi yemvura yakachena inogona kushandiswa kugadzirisa huwandu hwemvura yakachena inopinda munyoro. mvura inotonhorera kana tembiricha inotonhorera.Ngarava dzemazuva ano dzichangobva kuvakwa dzinowanzo kuve nemidziyo yekudzora tembiricha yemvura yakachena uye mafuta ekuzora, uye mavharuvhu adzo anogadzikwa anonyanya kuiswa mumapaipi emvura yakachena nemafuta ekuzora kudzora huwandu hwemvura yakachena nemafuta ekuzora achipinda muinotonhorera.
(5) Tarisa kuyerera kwemvura inotonhorera muhumburumbira yega yega.Kana zvakakosha kugadzirisa kuyerera kwemvura inotonhorera, vheji yekubuda yepombi yemvura inotonhorera inofanira kugadziriswa, uye kukurumidza kugadzirisa kunofanira kunonoka sezvinobvira.Ivhavhavha yepombi yemvura inotonhorera inofanira kugara iri panzvimbo yakazaruka zvizere.
(6) Kana kudzvinyirirwa kushanduka kwemvura inotonhorera ye cylinder kunowanikwa uye kugadzirisa kusingabatsiri, kunowanzokonzerwa nekuvapo kwegesi muhurongwa.Chikonzero chacho chinofanira kuzivikanwa uye kubviswa nokukurumidza sezvinobvira.
2. Ita ongororo nguva dzose
(1) Gara uchitarisa shanduko yemvura mutangi rekuwedzera remvura uye kabati yekutenderera kwemvura yakachena.Kana huwandu hwemvura huchidonha nekukurumidza, chikonzero chinofanira kukurumidza kuzivikanwa uye kubviswa.
(2) Gara uchitarisa mwero wekutonhora, pombi dzemvura, pombi dzemvura, nezvimwe zvedhiziri jenareta system, uye nekukasira kuona nekubvisa zvikanganiso zvakaita sechiyero uye kuvhara.
(3) Tarisa kana iyo inotonhorera sefa nevharuvhu inotonhorera zvakavharwa nemarara.Kana uchifamba nechikepe munzvimbo dzinotonhora, zvinodikanwa kusimbaradza manejimendi epombi inotonhorera kudzivirira vharafu yepasi pemvura kuti isanamirwe neaizi, uye kuve nechokwadi chekushisa kweinotonhorera ichipinda muinotonhorera (25 ℃).
(4) Zvakanakisisa kutarisa kunaka kwemvura inotonhorera kamwe chete pavhiki.Iko kusanganiswa kwemvura yekurapa kwekuwedzera (senge corrosion inhibitors) kunofanirwa kunge kuri mukati meiyo yakatarwa mumirayiridzo yavo, ine pH kukosha (7-10 pa20 ℃) uye chloride concentration (isingapfuuri 50ppm).Shanduko muzviratidzo izvi zvinogona kuonesa mamiriro ekushanda kweiyo inotonhorera system.Kana huwandu hwechloride huchiwedzera, zvinoratidza kuti chinotonhodza chapinda mukati;Kudzikira kwepH kukosha kunoratidza kupera simba.
(5) Panguva yekushanda, zvakakosha kutarisa kana mhepo yemhepo yakatsetseka, ichibvumira kuyerera kwemhepo yakakwana kune jenareta dizeli, inovandudza zvikuru simba rayo rekupisa uye kuderedza dambudziko rekushisa kwepamusoro.
Pfupiso:
Inonzwisisika yekudzivirira matanho uye mhinduro dzeyepamusoro tembiricha chiitiko chedhiziri jenareta zvinodikanwa kuti udzikise njodzi yekushanda zvisina tsarukano kwemajenareta edhiziri, kuve nechokwadi chezvakajairwa kugadzira uye hupenyu hwesevhisi hwemajenareta edhiziri.Mamiriro ejenareta edhiziri anogona kuvandudzwa nenzira dzakawanda, mhando yedhiziri jenareta zvikamu zvinogona kuvandudzwa, uye matanho ekugadzirisa anogona kutorwa kudzikisa njodzi yemamiriro ekushisa kwakanyanya, nekudaro kudzivirira zvirinani nekushandisa dizeli generator seti.Kukanganisa kwekushisa kwemvura kwepamusoro mumajenareta edhiziri kwakajairika, asi chero bedzi ivo vakaonekwa panguva yakakodzera, kazhinji havakonzere kukuvadzwa kukuru kune seti yedhiziri.Edza kusavhara muchina nekuchimbidza mushure mekuwanikwa, usamhanye kuzadza mvura, uye kumirira kuti mutoro uburitswe usati wavhara.Izvo zviri pamusoro zvakavakirwa pane zvekudzidzisa zvemugadziri wejenareta uye ruzivo rwepa-saiti sevhisi.Ndinovimba tinogona kushanda pamwe chete kuchengetedza michina yekugadzira magetsi mune ramangwana.
Nguva yekutumira: Mar-07-2024