Abstract: Kupisa kwekupisa kwemhepo-yakatonhorera dizeli jenereta kunowanikwa nekushandisa mhepo yakasikwa kuti itonhodze zvakananga majenareta edhiziri.Majenareta edhiziri akatonhodzwa anotonhodzwa nechitonhodzi chakatenderedza tangi remvura necylinder, ukuwo majenareta edhiziri akatonhodzwa anotonhodzwa neoiri yeinjini yacho pachayo.Nzira yekutonhodza inoshandiswa pamhando yega yega yejenareta yedhiziri inoenderana nemaitiro ekugadzira dhiziri jenareta, uye kuchine misiyano mukuita pakati peidzi nzira nhatu dzekutonhodza.Kubatsira kweinjini dzemhepo-yakatonhodzwa ndeyekuti ine chimiro chakareruka uye haidi zvimwe zvekuwedzera zvekubatsira.Iyo yekupisa kupisa zvimbi pane cylinder block uye cylinder musoro inogona kusangana neiyo yakakosha kupisa kupisa zvinodiwa zveinjini.Zvisinei, kana ikaramba ichishandiswa, injini inogona kuona kuora kwekupisa nekuda kwenzira imwe chete yekubvisa kupisa.Injini dzemvura dzakatonhodzwa, kune rumwe rutivi, dzine kutonhora kwakanyanya nekuda kwekuiswa kwemvura mitsva yekubvisa kupisa.Kunyangwe kana injini yedhiziri ichimhanya kwenguva yakareba, tembiricha yeinjini haizove yakanyanya kukwira, zvichiita kuti ive yakanakisa kutonhora nzira yekupisa kupisa.
1, Air-yakatonhorera dizeli jenareta
1. Zvakanakira
Zero fault cooling system (natural cooling) majenareta edhiziri anotonhorera ane mutengo wakaderera uye anotora nzvimbo shoma.
2. Zvakaipa
Kupisa zvishoma nezvishoma uye kunogumira nechimiro chejenareta redhiziri, senge inline 4-cylinder injini, isingawanzo shandisa kutonhora kwemhepo, iyo yepakati 2-cylinder injini haigone kudzima kupisa, saka kutonhora kwemhepo kunokodzera chete 2-cylinder dizeli jenareta.
Iyo cylinder yakanyoroveswa nemhepo ichagadzirwa neyakakura kupisa sini uye mhepo ducts.Kana yakanyatsogadzirwa mhepo inotonhorera dhiziri jenareta yakatakurwa, hapana dambudziko zvachose.Mazhinji acho ndeeinjini dzakatonhodzwa nemhepo uye haana masilinda akakiyiwa nekuda kwekupisa kwakanyanya.Iyo zero fault cooling system yemajenareta edhiziri ine mutengo wakaderera, uye chero bedzi ichichengetwa zvakanaka, hapazovi nedambudziko rekupisa kwakanyanya.Pane zvinopesana, mamiriro ekupisa kwepamusoro mumvura-inotonhorera injini inowanzozivikanwa.Muchidimbu, kutonhora kwemhepo kwakanyatsokwana kune imwe silinda yakaderera yekumhanyisa magetsi kugadzirwa, saka hapana chikonzero chekunetsekana nenyaya dzekureba.
2, Mvura-yakatonhorera dizeli jenareta
1. Zvakanakira
Inogona kunyatso kudzora tembiricha yesimba rakakura uye high speed dizeli jenareta.Kana tembiricha yadzikira, iyo throttle valve yemvura-yakatonhorera injini inovhara kusvika tembiricha yemafuta yakwira kuti iwane yakanakisa lubrication maitiro.Kana tembiricha yakakwira, iyo throttle valve inovhura zvakazara tangi remvura kuti itange kushanda.Kana tembiricha yanyanya kukwira, feni inotanga kutonhora kusvika pakunyatsoshanda tembiricha yejenareta redhiziri.Iyi ndiyo chiyero chekushanda kwemvura-yakatonhorera.
2. Zvakaipa
Mutengo wepamusoro, chimiro chakaoma, uye mwero wekutadza kwakanyanya nekuda kwenzvimbo huru inogarwa netangi remvura rekunze.
Mvura yakatonhodzwa dhiziri jenareta inzira yekutonhodza ine kunaka kwekupisa.Nheyo yekutonhodza mvura ndeyekutonhodza cylinder liner nemusoro nekuzviputira nemvura inoyerera.Zvinhu zvakakosha zvekutonhodza mvura ipombi yemvura, tangi remvura tembiricha yekudzora, uye feni.Kutonhora kwemvura ndiyo yakakosha yekutonhodza sisitimu yemasilinda mazhinji, akakwira-simba, uye anomhanya-mhanya dizeli jenareta (nemafuta emvura kutonhora kuviri).Diki displacement single silinda injini kazhinji haidi kutonhora kwemvura uye haigone kuburitsa kupisa kwakawanda.
3, Oiri yakatonhodzwa dhiziri jenareta
1. Zvakanakira
Mhedzisiro yekutonhodza iri pachena, uye mwero wekukundikana wakaderera.Kupisa kwemafuta kwakaderera kunogona kuderedza kupisa kwepamusoro viscosity yemafuta.
2. Zvakaipa
Pane zvirambidzo pahuwandu hwemafuta anodiwa kune majenareta edhiziri.Iyo radiator yemafuta haifanirwe kunge yakakura.Kana mafuta acho akakurisa, anoyerera achipinda muradiyeta yemafuta, zvichikonzera kusakwana kwemafuta pazasi pejenareta redhiziri.
Kutonhodza oiri kunoshandisa mafuta einjini yayo kudzima kupisa kuburikidza neradiyeta yemafuta (radiyeta yemafuta netangi remvura zvakangofanana, imwe chete ine mafuta uye imwe ine mvura).Nekuda kwekuti simba rekutenderera rekutonhodza kwemafuta rinobva papombi yemafuta yejenareta redhiziri, kutonhora kwemafuta kunongoda hita yemafuta fan (tangi remafuta).Kutonhora kwemafuta ekupedzisira kwakashongedzerwa ne fan uye throttle valve.Iyo oiri yekutonhodza sisitimu inowanzo shongedzerwa nepakati-renji arcade michina, ichiteedzera kugadzikana uye fan yekupisa maitiro.Single cylinder air-yakatonhodzwa michina inonyanya kukodzera kuchinjika kuita kutonhora kweoiri, uye kuchinja kubva kune imwe silinda yemhepo-yakatonhodzwa muchina kuenda kuoiri kutonhodza kunongoda kuwedzera mafuta fan heat exchanger pakati penzira yemafuta.
4, Kuenzanisa zvakanakira uye zvisingabatsiri
1. Musiyano pakati pekutonhora kwemafuta uye kutonhora kwemvura
Chekutanga, singi yekupisa yemafuta yakatonhodzwa radiator yakakora kwazvo, nepo singi yekupisa yemvura yakatonhodzwa radiator yakatetepa kwazvo.Mafuta akatonhodzwa maradiyeta anowanzo madiki muhukuru, nepo mvura-yakatonhodzwa radiator ine chimiro chakakura chemuviri.Kana muchina wako uine marudzi ese emaradhiyamu, ipapo iyo hombe ndiyo mvura inotonhorera radiator.Imwe mutsauko wakakosha ndewekuti madhirita mazhinji anotonhorera emvura ane mafeni emagetsi kumashure kwavo, nepo mafuta-akatonhodzwa marayadhiya haawanzo kushandiswa (kunyangwe mamwe madhiziri maviri-maviri injini asingashandisi mafeni eradiator).
2. Zvakanakira nezvayakaipira
(1) Oiri inotonhorera:
Chinotonhodza oiri chine radiator yakafanana neyemvura inotonhorera radiator, iyo inotenderedza mafuta mukati mejenareta redhiziri kuderedza tembiricha.Kuenzaniswa nemvura inotonhorera, chimiro chayo chiri nyore zvakare.Pamusana pekutonhora kwakananga kwemafuta anozora zvikamu zvejenareta redhiziri, kupisa kwemhepo kunopisa kunowedzerawo zviri nani, zviri nani kudarika mhepo inotonhorera, asi kwete yakanaka semvura inotonhorera.
(2) Mvura inotonhorera:
Chimiro chemuchina wakanyoroveswa nemvura yakaoma, uye cylinder body, cylinder head, uye kunyange dhiziri jenareta bhokisi rinoda kugadzirwa patsva (zvichienzaniswa nemichina yakaenzana nemhepo inotonhorera), inoda pombi dzemvura dzakashongedzerwa, matangi emvura, mafeni, mvura. mapaipi, tembiricha switch, etc. Mutengo zvakare wakanyanya, uye vhoriyamu zvakare yakakura.Nekudaro, ine yakanyanya kutonhora mhedzisiro uye yunifomu kutonhora.Kubatsira kwejini yakanyoroveswa nemvura ndeyokuti inobvisa kupisa nokukurumidza, inogona kumhanya nepamusoro-soro kwenguva yakareba, uye haigoni kupisa kupera.Nekudaro, chakashata ndechekuti injini yakanyoroveswa nemvura ine chimiro chakaomarara, uye kana pombi ichikura nekufamba kwenguva, inokonzeresa kudonha kunotonhorera.Kana chinotonhodza chikadonhera kumaruwa, chichaita kuti mota iparare, zvichiunza imwe njodzi yakavanzika.Zvisinei, zvakazara, zvakanakira zvinopfuura zvipingamupinyi.
(3) Mhepo inotonhorera:
Chimiro chemhepo-yakatonhorera injini dzedhiziri inonyanya kuratidzwa muhuwandu hwekuratidzwa kwejini.Injini haina kuputirwa mune chero pasuru, uye chero bedzi yatangwa, pachava nekutenderera kwemhepo.Mhepo inotonhora inoyerera nepakati pezvimbi zvinopisa zvekupisa zvezvishandiso zveinjini, ichidziya mhepo uye ichibvisa kumwe kupisa.Kutenderera uku kunogona kuchengetedza kupisa kweinjini mukati mechikamu chinonzwisisika.
Pfupiso:
Mvura yakanyoroveswa injini uye mhepo inotonhorera injini inotsanangurwa yeinjini yekutonhodza nzira, sezvo idzi mhando mbiri dzemhando dzinoshandisa nzira dzakasiyana dzekupisa kupisa, zvichikonzera kusiyana kwemitemo yavo chaiyo yekushanda.Nekudaro, ese ari maviri marudzi einjini anonyanya kushandisa mhepo yechisikigo pakupisa kupisa, kunze kwekuti injini dzakatonhorera-mvura dzine hunyanzvi hwekupisa kupisa.Kazhinji, mainjini akatonhodzwa nemvura anogona kukurumidza kubvisa kupisa kunokonzerwa nebasa reinjini panguva yese yekushanda nekushandisa imwe mvura yekubvisa kupisa.Zvisinei, injini dzemhepo dzakatonhora dzine simba shoma nekuda kwekushayikwa kwemamwe maitiro ekubatsira kutonhora, asi chimiro chavo chiri nyore.Chero bedzi hutsanana hwemusoro we cylinder uye cylinder block huchichengetwa, kutonhora kwavo hakuzove nekukanganisa.Nekudaro, mainjini anotonhorera emvura anoda mamwe mapombi emvura, maraidhiya, anotonhodza, nezvimwe, saka ese ari maviri ekutanga mutengo wekugadzira uye gare gare kugadzirisa nekugadzirisa mutengo wakakwira kupfuura injini dzakatonhorera mhepo.
Nguva yekutumira: Mar-01-2024